Floating Solar Photovoltaics (FSPV) ke theknoloji eo ho eona lisebelisoa tsa ho fehla matla a letsatsi la photovoltaic (PV) li kenngoa holim'a metsi, hangata li sebelisoa matšeng, matamo, maoatleng le libakeng tse ling tsa metsi. Ha tlhoko ea lefats'e ea matla a hloekileng e ntse e hola, solar e phaphametseng e ntse e fumana tlhokomelo e eketsehileng e le mokhoa o mocha oa matla a ka nchafatsoang. Se latelang ke tlhahlobo ea litebello tsa nts'etsopele ea matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng le melemo ea ona e meholo:
1. Litebello tsa nts'etsopele
a) Keketseho ea Maraka
Mmaraka oa letsatsi o phaphametseng o ntse o hola ka potlako, haholo libakeng tse ling moo mehloli ea mobu e leng thata, joalo ka Asia, Europe le United States. Matla a letsatsi a kentsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara a lebelletsoe ho eketseha haholo lilemong tse tlang. Ho latela lipatlisiso tsa 'maraka,' maraka oa lefats'e oa matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng o lebelletsoe ho fihla ho libilione tsa lidolara ka 2027. China, Japane, Korea Boroa, India le linaha tse ling tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela ke baamoheli ba theknoloji ena pele mme ba entse merero e mengata ea lipontšo metsing a fapaneng.
b) Tsoelo-pele ea Theknoloji
Ka mekhoa e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, li-module tsa letsatsi tse phaphametseng li entsoe hore li sebetse hantle, 'me litšenyehelo tsa ho kenya le ho li lokisa li fokotsehile butle-butle. Moralo oa li-platform tse phaphametseng holim'a metsi le ona o atisa ho ba mefuta-futa, o ntlafatsa botsitso le ho tšepahala ha tsamaiso. Ntle le moo, litsamaiso tse kopaneng tsa polokelo ea matla le mahlale a bohlale a marang-rang a fana ka monyetla o moholo bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng.
c) Tšehetso ea Leano
Linaha tse ngata le libaka li fana ka tšehetso ea leano bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, haholo-holo bakeng sa mefuta e hloekileng ea matla e kang moea le letsatsi. Matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng, ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e ikhethang, a amohetse tlhokomelo ea mebuso le likhoebo, 'me lithuso tse amanang le tsona, likhothaletso le ts'ehetso ea leano li ntse li eketseha butle-butle, li fana ka tiiso e matla bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ena.
d) Likopo tse baballang tikoloho
Matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng a ka kenngoa holim'a metsi ntle le ho nka sebaka se seholo sa mehloli ea mobu, e fanang ka tharollo e sebetsang bakeng sa libaka tse nang le mehloli ea mobu e thata. E ka boela ea kopanngoa le tsamaiso ea mehloli ea metsi (mohlala, matamo le nosetso ea matamo) ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tšebeliso ea matla le ho khothalletsa phetoho e tala ea matla.
2. Tlhahlobo ea Melemo
a) Ho boloka mehloli ea mobu
Liphanele tsa setso tsa lefats'e tsa letsatsi li hloka lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa mobu, ha lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse phaphametseng li ka tsamaisoa holim'a metsi ntle le ho nka mehloli ea bohlokoa ea mobu. Haholo-holo libakeng tse ling tse nang le metsi a mangata, joalo ka matša, liliba, matangoana a likhoerekhoere, joalo-joalo, matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng a ka sebelisa libaka tsena ka botlalo ntle le ho hohlana le tšebeliso ea mobu joalo ka temo le nts'etsopele ea litoropo.
b) Ntlafatsa katleho ea phepelo ea motlakase
Leseli le hlahang holim'a metsi le ka eketsa boholo ba khanya le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho hlahisa matla a liphanele tsa PV. Ho phaella moo, phello ea tlhaho ea ho pholile ea metsi e ka thusa mochine oa PV ho boloka mocheso o tlaase, ho fokotsa ho fokotseha ha katleho ea PV ka lebaka la mocheso o phahameng, kahoo ho ntlafatsa katleho ea kakaretso ea matla a tsamaiso.
c) Fokotsa moea oa metsi
Sebaka se seholo sa liphanele tsa letsatsi tse phaphametseng tse koahelang bokaholimo ba metsi li ka fokotsa ka nepo ho tsoa mouoane ha mehloli ea metsi, e leng ea bohlokoa haholo libakeng tse se nang metsi. Haholo-holo matamong kapa ho nosetsa masimong, solar e phaphametseng e thusa ho baballa metsi.
d) Tšusumetso e fokolang ea tikoloho
Ho fapana le matla a letsatsi a lefats'e, matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng a kentsoeng holim'a metsi a baka tšitiso e fokolang tikolohong ea lefatše. Haholo-holo metsing a sa lokelang bakeng sa mefuta e meng ea tsoelo-pele, letsatsi le phaphametseng ha le bake tšenyo e feteletseng tikolohong.
e) Ho feto-fetoha ha maemo
Solar e phaphametseng e ka kopanngoa le mahlale a mang ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso e felletseng ea matla. Mohlala, e ka kopanngoa le matla a moea a holim'a metsi ho theha litsamaiso tse nyalisitsoeng tsa matla tse eketsang botsitso le ts'epahalo ea phepelo ea motlakase. Ho phaella moo, maemong a mang, matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng le liindasteri tse ling, tse kang tsa litlhapi kapa tsa metsing, le tsona li na le monyetla o moholo oa tsoelo-pele, ho theha "moruo o moputsoa" oa melemo e mengata.
3. Mathata le mathata
Leha ho na le melemo e mengata ea matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng, nts'etsopele ea eona e ntse e tobane le mathata a 'maloa:
Theknoloji le litšenyehelo: Le hoja litšenyehelo tsa matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng li ntse li fokotseha butle-butle, li ntse li phahame ho feta tsa mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea matla a letsatsi, haholo-holo mererong e meholo. Ho hlokahala boqapi bo bong ba theknoloji ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa kaho le tlhokomelo ea sethala se phaphametseng.
Ho ikamahanya le maemo a tikoloho: Ho ba le botsitso ba nako e telele ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse phaphametseng ho hloka ho netefatsoa libakeng tse fapaneng tsa metsi, haholo-holo ho sebetsana le mathata a lintho tsa tlhaho tse kang boemo ba leholimo bo feteletseng, maqhubu le leqhoa.
Likhohlano tsa tšebeliso ea metsi: Metsing a mang, kaho ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse phaphametseng li ka 'na tsa thulana le mesebetsi e meng ea metsi e kang ea likepe le ho tšoasa litlhapi,' me ke potso ea mokhoa oa ho rera ka mokhoa o utloahalang le ho hokahanya litlhoko tsa lithahasello tse fapaneng.
Akaretsa
Matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng, e le mokhoa o mocha oa matla a tsosolositsoeng, a na le matla a maholo a nts'etsopele, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le mehloli e thata ea mobu le maemo a leholimo a matle. Ka tsoelopele ea thekenoloji, tšehetso ea maano le taolo e sebetsang ea phello ea tikoloho, solar e phaphametseng e tla tlisa menyetla e meholo ea nts'etsopele lilemong tse tlang. Ts'ebetsong ea ho khothaletsa phetoho e tala ea eneji, matla a letsatsi a phaphametseng a tla kenya letsoho molemong oa phapano ea sebopeho sa matla a lefats'e le nts'etsopele ea moshoelella.
Nako ea poso: Jan-24-2025